The VDCSS (Also known as Bi-directional) allows direct simple shear to be performed in two directions, rather than the standard single direction. This is achieved by having a secondary shear actuator that acts at 90 degrees to the primary actuator.

The VDCSS (Also known as Bi-directional) allows direct simple shear to be performed in two directions, rather than the standard single direction. This is achieved by having a secondary shear actuator that acts at 90 degrees to the primary actuator.